“Toe” of a Slope Definition The “toe” of a slope is essentially the bottom, or baseline section, of the soil mass comprising the slope. It is also defined as the outermost margin of displaced material during a landslide. The toe of a slope is farthest away from the head scarp.

Cation Cation: In the fields of chemistry and geochemistry, a cation is a positively charged ion. The oppositely charged ion is an anion.

Soil Creep Definition Soil Creep is a type of landslide that entails the slow and gradual movement of a soil mass (or even some loose rock) materials.

Rigidity Definition Rigidity – In geotechnical engineering and engineering geology, rigidity represents the ratio of the shear stress and the amount of angular rotation that it produces, within a rock sample.

Petroleum Extraction Well (Oil Well) Petroleum Extraction Well (Oil Well): A petroleum extraction well, or an oil well, is a deep borehole or shaft sunk into the Earth for the exploration of oil or gas. Additionally, injection wells are often drilled to inject fluids or gas for stimulating oil recovery, re-pressurizing or pressure maintenance of…